TCP/IP Protocol Suite

TCP/IP Protocol Suite, AKA Internet Protocol Suite
Similar to OSI model but more compatible with TCP/IP

Consists of 4 layers

• Application, TCP, Bootp, TFTP, DNS, HTTP(S), TLS/SSL, VOIP(Sir,Rtp), SSH, Pop3, IMAP4, NTP, Telnet, SMTP, SNMP
• Transport, TCP UDP
• Internet, IPV4, IPV6, ICMP, IGMP
• Link, ARP

 The router only looks up to Internet layer before passing on data to another network

ARP - Address Resolution Protocol
CMD Command for ARP: arp -a
IP Address to MAC address resolution and vice versa.

IPV4

• Most common protocol at internet layer
• 32-bit 4byte addresses
• IP only cares about moving data from one source to another
• Addresses shown in Dot-Decimal (192.168.1.1)

IPV6

• Next Generation IP
• More Addresses
• Improves routing, security, efficiency and more
• Addresses shown in Hex Digits (2002:4bg6:5dn5:0000:0000:0000:4bfu:5dg6)

ICMP - Internet Control Message Protocol

• Sends management messages between systems
• Echo Request, Echo Reply (Ping)
• Tells us when a host is unreachable

IGMP -  Internet Group Management Protocol

• Manages membership of multicast groups
• Improves efficiency and bandwidth usage

TCP - Transmission Control Protocol

• Connection-Oriented
• Reliable delivery
• Can manage out of order messages or retransmissions
• Loads/Unloads data from IP

UDP - User Datagram Protocol

• Connectionless
• UDP does not care if the host has received data or not
• Faster than TCP
• Unreliable
• No reordering of data or retransmissions

All Information was learned from Professor Messer